Fall 2024
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Fall 2024
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  • Discounts on the CSBA/LexisNexis publication California Education Laws & Regulations
Efficient, cost-effective legal advice
Quick response times
CSBA’s Online Legal Resource Library
One-of-a-kind Collective Bargaining Database
Up to five hours of legal advice free of charge
Discounts on select training events
Discounts on the CSBA/LexisNexis publication California Education Laws & Regulations

The quality of the resources provided by CSBA’s Legal Services program is outstanding, but by far the greatest benefit has been the incredible customized client services offered. Our attorney’s level of knowledge, communication skills and legal expertise has proven to be an invaluable asset to our district.
Dr. Elizabeth Evans
Superintendent, Valle Lindo School District, South El Monte

Visit us at legalservices.csba.org or email legalservices@csba.org to sign up or find out more.


The quality of the resources provided by CSBA’s Legal Services program is outstanding, but by far the greatest benefit has been the incredible customized client services offered. Our attorney’s level of knowledge, communication skills and legal expertise has proven to be an invaluable asset to our district.
Dr. Elizabeth Evans
Superintendent, Valle Lindo School District, South El Monte

Visit us at legalservices.csba.org or email legalservices@csba.org to sign up or find out more.

California Schools Logo
Volume 83, Number 1
Fall 2024

The California School Boards Association is the essential voice for public education. We inspire our members to be knowledgeable leaders, extraordinary governance practitioners and ardent advocates for all students.

Table of Contents
Table of Contents
features
close cropped view of the Safe schools article graphic featuring a vector illustrion depicting the top view of three diverse groups of people creating concentric circles by stretching their arms and locking hands

LEAs tackle a complicated issue with multi-pronged approaches

by Heather Kemp

close cropped view of the Full STEAM ahead article graphic showing chemistry vials, a music symbol and an atom illustration

Districts across California are helping all students forge a path toward the future

by Alisha Kirby

close cropped view of the California embraces bilingual education featuring the two toned orange and purple priofile silhouette of a child speaking into a megaphone

Dual language immersion programs proven to benefit English learner students

by Kimberly Sellery

departments
CEO’s note
by Vernon M. Billy
5
Legal insights
by Kristin Lindgren-Bruzzone
7
Research spotlight
by Mary Gardner Briggs
9
Member profile
Shelton Yip, Yolo County Office of Education
11
BoardWise
by Chris Norwood, Mike Walsh and Sepideh Yeoh
15
CSBA at issue
By Rob Manwaring
17
From the field
by Mary Ann Bates
19
A conversation with…
Jessica Rosenworcel, chair, Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
51
Vernon M. Billy headshot

CEO’s note

by Vernon M. Billy

Making staff feel at home
CSBA elevates education workforce housing as a recruitment and retention strategy
S

chools are microcosms of the communities they serve and as society grows more complicated, so do the challenges confronting public education. If we hope to keep pace with the demands of the modern world, we must innovate and refuse to set limits on our ambition. Repeating the same practices and hoping for different results is not a plan, nor is waiting on government and corporate leaders for deliverance that may never come.

Of course, CSBA will always advocate aggressively for policy, legislative and legal conditions that improve schools, but when we have the chance to take matters into our hands, we need to seize the opportunity — even if it’s outside our comfort zone. This is why CSBA has invested significant time and energy over the past four years to elevate education workforce housing (EWH) as an unconventional yet effective approach to addressing one of the most pressing issues facing our state — affordable housing — and one of the most critical goals for our schools: the development and retention of high-quality staff.

CSBA 2024 Board of Directors

  • Tyler Nelson
    Region 1, Ukiah USD
  • Bruce Ross
    Region 2, Redding ESD
  • David T. Gracia
    Region 3, Napa Valley USD
  • Renee Nash
    Region 4, Eureka Union SD
  • Alisa MacAvoy
    Region 5, Redwood City ESD
  • Jackie Wong
    Region 6, Washington USD
  • Rachel Hurd
    Region 7, San Ramon Valley USD
  • Christopher “Kit” Oase
    Region 8, Ripon USD
  • Roger Snyder
    Region 9, Scotts Valley USD
  • Kathy Spate
    Region 10, Caruthers USD
  • Sabrena Rodriguez
    Region 11, Ventura USD
  • William Farris
    Region 12, Sierra Sands USD
  • John McPherson
    Region 14, Monterey COE
  • Susan Henry
    Region 15, Huntington Beach Union HSD
  • Karen Gray
    Region 16, Silver Valley USD
  • Eleanor Evans
    Region 17, Oceanside USD
  • Bruce Dennis
    Region 18, Riverside COE
  • Devon Conley
    Region 20, Mountain View Whisman SD
  • VACANT
    Region 21
  • Nancy Smith
    Region 22, Palmdale SD
  • Helen Hall
    Region 23, Walnut Valley USD
  • Jan Baird
    Region 24, South Whittier ESD
  • Chris Clark
    Director-at-Large African American, Folsom-Cordova USD
  • Christina Cameron-Otero
    Director-at-Large American Indian, Needles USD
  • Sylvia Leong
    Director-at-Large Asian/Pacific Islander, Cupertino Union SD
  • Michael Teasdale
    Director-at-Large County, Ventura COE
  • Joaquín Rivera
    Director-at-Large Hispanic, Alameda COE
Portrait headshot close-up photograph view of Kristin Lindgren-Bruzzone smiling

legal insights

by Kristin Lindgren-Bruzzone

CSBA’s Education Legal Alliance honored with outstanding achievement award

six adults made of ELA members and representatives from Fagen Friedman & Fulfrost LLP take a group photo at an awards ceremony as one of the pictured women holds a glass trophy

In September, CSBA’s Education Legal Alliance (ELA) and its partner law firm F3 were awarded the California Lawyer’s Association Award for Outstanding Achievement in Public Law for the amicus brief the ELA filed in the U.S. Supreme Court case, O’Connor-Ratcliff v. Garnier. The award is a testament to the ELA’s continued work and success in protecting the rights of school district and county board of education members and their local educational agencies.

California Schools logo
Chief Information Officer
Troy Flint, tflint@csba.org

Editorial Director
Kimberly Sellery, ksellery@csba.org

Senior Staff Writers
Heather Kemp, hkemp@csba.org
Alisha Kirby, akirby@csba.org

Director of Graphic Design and Branding
Kerry Macklin, kmacklin@csba.org

Director of Marketing and Communications
Monica Griffis, mgriffis@csba.org

Senior Graphic Designer
Amanda Moen, amoen@csba.org

Graphic Designer
Thairah Singharath, tsingharath@csba.org

Circulation and Advertising
csba@csba.org

CSBA officers

President
Albert Gonzalez, Santa Clara USD

President-elect
Bettye Lusk, Monterey Peninsula USD

Vice President
Debra Schade, Solana Beach SD

Immediate Past President
Susan Markarian, Pacific Union ESD

CEO & Executive Director
Vernon M. Billy

California Schools (ISSN 1081-8936) is published quarterly by the California School Boards Association, Inc., 3251 Beacon Boulevard, West Sacramento, CA 95691, (916) 371-4691. $2 of CSBA membership dues goes toward the subscription to California Schools magazine for each board member and superintendent. The subscription rate for each CSBA nonmember is $20. Periodicals postage paid at West Sacramento, CA and at additional mailing office. Postmaster: Send address changes to California Schools, 3251 Beacon Blvd., West Sacramento, CA 95691.

Articles submitted to California Schools are edited for style, content and space prior to publication. Views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent CSBA policies or positions. Articles may not be reproduced without written permission of the publisher. Endorsement by CSBA of products and services advertised in California Schools is not implied or expressed.

CSBA and NSPRA logos
Mary Gardner Briggs headshot
research spotlight

By Mary Gardner Briggs

Drowning in Documentation
For years, school district leaders sounded the alarm: Student needs have multiplied in the wake of the pandemic; hours in the day remain finite; and yet, local educational agencies are expected to complete an ever-growing number of plans, reports and data submissions.

And while you may have heard grumblings about “the plandemic,” the story of the cumulative impacts of these requirements remains largely untold.

member profile - shelton yip yolo county office of education
How long have you been a board member and what inspired you to run for the position?

I will have completed my third term at the end of this year. I will start my fourth term in December, as I am running unopposed. I’m a retired educator after 42 years in the field. Many of the programs and students served by the county office are the same marginalized students that I have worked with over the years. I was also a Special Education Local Plan Area (SELPA) administrator, so students with disabilities are of importance to me. And of course, our youngest students being served in our Head Start program, ensuring that a solid foundation for their future is established.

Who inspired you growing up?

Family. It’s a true statement that “it takes a village” to raise each child. My father passed away when I was 8 years old and it was left up to my mom to raise four children. She was a strong lady. She grew up in Trinity, then Colusa County where she was able to earn her eighth-grade diploma. Consider this … a young Chinese girl, fighting her way through school to earn her diploma. She then broke another barrier when she was elected President of the PTA of the school that my siblings attended. When my father died, she then took over the family business. Mom never complained through the years and lived to be 102 years old.

What advice do you have for new and aspiring board members?

Listen, listen, listen. Listen to your students, staff, families and communities. It’s amazing the things you can learn if you listen.

What is an initiative of Yolo COE that you are particularly proud of?

We are in phase two of a project called The Roadmap to the Future for Yolo County Children and Youth. The roadmap is a countywide initiative to achieve the vision that each child born, cared for and educated in Yolo County has an advantage because of the community’s response to their developmental needs. The mission of the Roadmap to the Future is to develop, implement and consistently evaluate a long-term plan to help effectively coordinate and improve the community assets and services children, youth and families in Yolo County need to thrive, as well as to establish a shared framework to ensure their healthy development. This initiative is a collaboration between the COE, board of supervisors, city councils, each district, county behavioral health, other county offices and other nonprofit organizations.

What are the most exciting opportunities at this moment for COEs?

I believe that COEs have unlimited opportunities to be creative and create programs for our population with cooperation and collaboration with partners.

Would you like to participate in an upcoming Member Profile? Contact editor@csba.org.
member profile - shelton yip yolo county office of education
How long have you been a board member and what inspired you to run for the position?

I will have completed my third term at the end of this year. I will start my fourth term in December, as I am running unopposed. I’m a retired educator after 42 years in the field. Many of the programs and students served by the county office are the same marginalized students that I have worked with over the years. I was also a Special Education Local Plan Area (SELPA) administrator, so students with disabilities are of importance to me. And of course, our youngest students being served in our Head Start program, ensuring that a solid foundation for their future is established.

Who inspired you growing up?

Family. It’s a true statement that “it takes a village” to raise each child. My father passed away when I was 8 years old and it was left up to my mom to raise four children. She was a strong lady. She grew up in Trinity, then Colusa County where she was able to earn her eighth-grade diploma. Consider this … a young Chinese girl, fighting her way through school to earn her diploma. She then broke another barrier when she was elected President of the PTA of the school that my siblings attended. When my father died, she then took over the family business. Mom never complained through the years and lived to be 102 years old.

What advice do you have for new and aspiring board members?

Listen, listen, listen. Listen to your students, staff, families and communities. It’s amazing the things you can learn if you listen.

What is an initiative of Yolo COE that you are particularly proud of?

We are in phase two of a project called The Roadmap to the Future for Yolo County Children and Youth. The roadmap is a countywide initiative to achieve the vision that each child born, cared for and educated in Yolo County has an advantage because of the community’s response to their developmental needs. The mission of the Roadmap to the Future is to develop, implement and consistently evaluate a long-term plan to help effectively coordinate and improve the community assets and services children, youth and families in Yolo County need to thrive, as well as to establish a shared framework to ensure their healthy development. This initiative is a collaboration between the COE, board of supervisors, city councils, each district, county behavioral health, other county offices and other nonprofit organizations.

What are the most exciting opportunities at this moment for COEs?

I believe that COEs have unlimited opportunities to be creative and create programs for our population with cooperation and collaboration with partners.

Would you like to participate in an upcoming Member Profile? Contact editor@csba.org.
class act Best practices in action
CSBA's Golden Bell Awards Winner logo

class act
Best practices in action

CSBA's Golden Bell Awards Winner logo
Lessons in civics education
Hacienda La Puente USD program creates engaged citizens
F

rom providing input on potential walkways for pedestrians to contributing to beautification efforts around the city, Hacienda La Puente Unified School District’s Project Life Experience About Democracy (Project LEAD) is shaping the next generation of civically minded citizens.

group photo of people standing in front of mural
The initiative was established more than a decade ago from a mutual desire to collaborate between La Puente city leaders and district and school site leaders and teachers, according to Superintendent Alfonso Jimenez. It focuses on identifying relevant issues within the community and taking civic action through methods such as proposing solutions and resolutions.

The program, which won a Golden Bell Award in 2023, has introduced students at participating elementary, middle and high schools to local government and teaches them that their voices can make a difference, Jimenez explained.

CSBA GAMUT logo surrounded by imagery and typography of the services provided including documents, meeting, policy and policy plus and communications
CSBA GAMUT logo
Documents typography with imagery of a man and woman surveying organized documents while sitting at a conference table
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Bundle and save this fall — maximize productivity for a fraction of the price!

Get 15% off the first year of subscription service when you add a second GAMUT module this fall.

GAMUT Policy and Policy Plus: Provides access to hundreds of sample policies and the most comprehensive policy management tools in California.

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GAMUT Documents: Store documents in one central, online location with permissions to allow board members, staff and the public to find exactly what they need, while protecting sensitive data.

GAMUT Communications: Streamline communications with stakeholders using calendars and updates for internal and public viewers or news feeds.

Subscribe today! To learn more or for a free demo, call (916) 669-4686 or email gamut@csba.org

Headshot of Chris Norwood
Headshot of Mike Walsh
Headshot of Sepideh Yeoh
BoardWise

by Chris Norwood, Mike Walsh and Sepideh Yeoh

Boardwise is a forum for board members and superintendents across the state to share questions about governance and board–superintendent relations. Send your questions to boardwise@csba.org. Have governance team questions that require personal attention? Reach out to CSBA for a customized Governance Consulting Workshop with our experts at gcs@csba.org
The vital importance of governance team relationships
I

n the complex landscape of public education, relationships within governance teams — especially between superintendents and their boards — are foundational to a district or county office of education’s (COE) success.

group of people talking and laughing together

Understanding the differences in roles and responsibilities between district and COE governance teams is crucial, as these distinctions shape decisions and how effectively educational goals are achieved. Additionally, strong communication, adherence to the Education Code and state regulations, and a commitment to equitable budget decisions are all critical to the success of these governance teams.

Rob Manwaring headshot

csba at issue

By Rob Manwaring
The Proposition 98 Minimum Guarantee, CSBA lawsuit and funding opportunities

The budget adopted this summer for California schools may seem unremarkable compared to previous years, primarily reflecting a status quo with a minimal cost-of-living adjustment (COLA) of 1.07 percent. However, the negotiations surrounding the constitutional minimum guarantee for schools, known as Proposition 98, were anything but mundane. They included the Newsom Administration’s unconstitutional proposal, closed-door negotiations, the largest suspension of the Prop 98 Guarantee in history, the draining of the state’s rainy-day fund for schools, the creation of $8.3 billion in future obligations to schools, and an unconstitutional maneuver that may permanently change the Proposition 98 calculation, followed by a CSBA lawsuit.

Mary Ann Bates headshot
from the field
By Mary Ann Bates
Data-driven insights forge paths toward brighter futures
A

guidance counselor in the Central Valley wonders what academic or career paths her students take after graduation day. A high school student wants to learn more about his earnings potential after completing a certification program versus an associate’s degree.

abstract image of a ball branching off into other balls
In the quest for a brighter future, Californians find themselves at a crossroads when making major life decisions. The guidance counselor wants to ensure she’s driving her students toward a successful path. Students and families want to know if they’re making a choice that can lead to well-paying jobs. They all grapple with questions about available education and training programs that lead to sustainable livelihoods.

Right now, answers to these questions remain elusive. Counselors lack information that shows students’ paths from high school to career in one place. Students and families must navigate the complex web of the college application and financial aid processes.

Illustration of people holding hands in three concentric circles.
Safe Schools typography
By Heather Kemp
LEAs tackle a complicated issue with multi-pronged approaches
E

nsuring people are as safe as possible on campus is one of the most critical responsibilities local educational agencies are tasked with.

Like many other issues school districts and county offices of education handle, safety is complex and requires a multifaceted response.

Facilities and use of technology; planning, policies and procedures; and behavioral health are just some of the factors that LEA leaders must consider — oftentimes with minimal resources at their disposal.

Advertorial

The “First Thanksgiving”
How Can We Tell a Better Story?
five adult women sit at a round table looking at one as she holds up a sheet of paper
To start the new school year, the Smithsonian’s National Museum of the American Indian is offering new K–12 resources to help transform teaching and learning about Native Americans.

The museum’s national education initiative, Native Knowledge 360° (NK360°), provides online educational materials and teacher training to help educators and students learn about the rich, complex and dynamic histories and cultures of the Indigenous peoples of the Western Hemisphere. NK360° classroomready resources incorporate Indigenous narratives and comprehensive histories with primary and secondary sources, videos, maps, illustrations and recommended resources.

pop art of different icons representing different fields of study like science, music, math, and art
Full
Steam

Ahead
Districts across California are helping all students forge a path toward the future
By Alisha Kirby

Many regard STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts and math) as an essential component of 21st-century education, and the earlier students are exposed to STEAM disciplines, the better.

Research by Microsoft found that 78 percent of college students majoring in these fields said they made the decision to pursue their field of choice in high school, while 21 percent said they’d decided in middle school or earlier. However, just 20 percent reported feeling that their K-12 education left them well-prepared for their college courses in STEAM subjects.

Throughout California, local educational agencies are working to change that.

Advertorial

High-Impact Tutoring

A SCHOOLWIDE STRATEGY FOR EQUITABLE AND EFFECTIVE EDUCATION

Lincoln Learning Solutions
As schools strive to meet the diverse needs of all students, there is a growing recognition of the importance of targeted, personalized support to ensure every learner can succeed. High-Impact Tutoring, or HIT, has emerged as a highly effective approach, offering measurable improvements in student achievement, engagement, and overall academic success. Unlike traditional tutoring, which may only reach a subset of students, HIT is designed to be a comprehensive, schoolwide strategy that benefits every learner—from those who need a refresher to those who want more advanced challenges.
The Proven Benefits of High-Impact Tutoring
High-impact tutoring is not just a theoretical concept; it is backed by extensive research that validates its effectiveness. A meta-analysis by the National Student Support Accelerator found that students participating in high-impact tutoring can achieve learning gains equivalent to three to fifteen months of additional schooling within a single academic year.

Advertorial

A Proven, District-Wide Tool to Save Money
(LABOR PARTNERS WILL LIKE IT TOO)

BY DR. STEVEN KELLER, SENIOR CONSULTANT, PARS

About Dr. Steven Keller: Steven served as the Superintendent of Schools in the Redondo Beach Unified School District (RBUSD) for over 16 years and retired on January 1, 2023. Prior to his leadership in RBUSD, Steven worked in the Laguna Beach Unified School District as an assistant superintendent, in the Baldwin Park Unified School District as a director, in the Fullerton School District as a middle school principal, and in the Cucamonga School District as a principal, assistant principal, teacher, and coach. Steven Keller is also a consultant for Education Support Services (in affiliation with Atkinson, Andelson, Loya, Ruud & Romo), which conducts executive searches as well as cabinet-level and Board of Education support services.

Dr. Steven Keller in a suit standing indoors with a window in the background.
When approximately 85% of your school district’s budget is consumed by people, you need to have high quality individuals working in your schools and district offices. Having implemented four PARS supplementary retirement programs in my sixteen years as superintendent, I can assure you that hiring new, vibrant employees can quickly change the culture of your school district while also saving your bottom-line.

In short, a Supplementary Retirement Program (SRP) offers seasoned staff members a financial incentive to retire from the district, oftentimes years before they had previously planned. Typically, a district will target certificated staff members due to the significant financial delta between a new hire and the retiree. However, sometimes it makes sense to include classified staff and/or management, especially if there is a plan to “right size” district staffing.

California Embraces

Bilingual Education

Dual language immersion programs proven to benefit English learner students

By Kimberly Sellery
I

n 2018, the California Department of Education set ambitious goals to expand and improve students’ access to languages other than English in Global CA 2030, including that half of K-12 students would be literate in at least two languages by 2030. To support this initiative, the state set a target to increase dual language immersion programs from 407 in 2017–18 to 1,600 in 2030, and to quadruple the number of programs offering a bilingual teacher authorization from 30 in 2016 to 100 in 2030.

purple silhouette of woman with mega phone; purple and orange speech bubbles with notepad paper pattern inside

a conversation with…

Jessica Rosenworcel
Jessica Rosenworcel headshot
As the chair of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), Jessica Rosenworcel has advocated for greater accessibility and affordability in the nation’s communications services to guarantee that all Americans can access the internet — a requirement for success in the 21st century. When the pandemic shut down campuses and left many students scrambling to access their education online, Rosenworcel continued the work of pushing for policies and developing new ways to support wireless services that would keep children and their families connected. This included ensuring broadband access for students caught in the “homework gap” through the FCC’s Emergency Connectivity Fund and making sure that households struggling to afford internet service could stay connected through the Emergency Broadband Benefit program. She also is responsible for developing policies to help expand the reach of broadband to schools, libraries and households across the country.

In July, the FCC approved a proposal to allow schools and libraries to use E-Rate funding to provide WiFi hot spots and wireless internet services for off-premises use as part of Rosenworcel’s “Learn Without Limits” program.

a conversation with…

Jessica Rosenworcel
As the chair of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), Jessica Rosenworcel has advocated for greater accessibility and affordability in the nation’s communications services to guarantee that all Americans can access the internet — a requirement for success in the 21st century. When the pandemic shut down campuses and left many students scrambling to access their education online, Rosenworcel continued the work of pushing for policies and developing new ways to support wireless services that would keep children and their families connected. This included ensuring broadband access for students caught in the “homework gap” through the FCC’s Emergency Connectivity Fund and making sure that households struggling to afford internet service could stay connected through the Emergency Broadband Benefit program. She also is responsible for developing policies to help expand the reach of broadband to schools, libraries and households across the country.

In July, the FCC approved a proposal to allow schools and libraries to use E-Rate funding to provide WiFi hot spots and wireless internet services for off-premises use as part of Rosenworcel’s “Learn Without Limits” program.

Jessica Rosenworcel headshot
girl watching a lesson on an iPad while writing in a notebook
You have been a staunch advocate for closing the “homework gap” — an issue that became even more pressing at the start of the pandemic. Can you explain a bit about what the homework gap is and why addressing it is so critical to closing achievement gaps in education?
For years, the federal government has used the E-Rate program to help connect schools and libraries to high-speed internet, and they’ve used it for all kinds of instruction and learning. But when I visited schools across the country, I kept hearing that even with this program, many kids in both rural and urban communities were disconnected at home and stuck on the wrong side of the digital divide. When I started studying this problem years ago, I found that one in three households didn’t have access to broadband, while seven in 10 teachers were assigning nightly schoolwork that required internet access. So, I began calling where these numbers overlap the “homework gap.”
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Thanks for reading our Fall 2024 issue!