Winter 2022
Supporting language learners requires a systems approach
by Kimberly Sellery
by Vernon M. Billy
by Mike Ambrose
by Monika Moulin, Charles Weis and Teri Vigil
by Jerry Almendarez
by Mandy Corbin
Interview with Karin Freeman
Susan Heredia, CSBA President
by Vernon M. Billy
ypically, when we think of student voice, our minds flash to the great demonstrations that roiled this nation in the 1960s, but the tradition of protest on school campuses extends back centuries. In 1507, professors at Italy’s University of Padua announced plans to cancel the school’s Carnevale vacation — their equivalent of spring break.
Over the subsequent 250 years, the intensity of student protest has ebbed and flowed. Now, like in the 1960s, we find ourselves in a period of social upheaval and increased student activism. Generation Z is made up of internet natives who have precociously used widespread access to the internet, smart phones and social media to network with one another and to broadcast their views at a previously impossible scale and pace.
Region 1, Del Norte County USD
Sherry Crawford
Region 2, Siskiyou COE
A.C. “Tony” Ubalde, Jr.
Region 3, Vallejo City USD
Renee Nash
Region 4, Eureka Union SD
Alisa MacAvoy
Region 5, Redwood City ESD
Darrel Woo
Region 6, Sacramento City USD
James Aguilar
Region 7, San Leandro HSD
Region 8, Manteca USD
Tami Gunther
Region 9, Atascadero USD
Kathy Spate
Region 10, Caruthers USD
Sabrena Rodriguez
Region 11, Ventura USD
William Farris
Region 12, Sierra Sands USD
Susan Henry
Region 15, Huntington Beach Union HSD
Karen Gray
Region 16, Silver Valley USD
Region 17, Solano Beach SD
Wendy Jonathan
Region 18, Desert Sands USD
Vacant
Region 20
Tanya Ortiz Franklin
Region 21, Los Angeles USD
Nancy Smith
Region 22, Palmdale SD
Helen Hall
Region 23, Walnut Valley USD
Leighton Anderson
Region 24, Whittier Union HSD
Director-at-Large African American,
Monterey Peninsula USD
Crystal Martinez-Alire
Director-at-Large American Indian,
Elk Grove USD
Amy Koo
Director-at-Large Asian/Pacific Islander,
Belmont-Redwood Shores SD
Michael Teasdale
Director-at-Large County, Riverside COE
Joaquín Rivera
Director-at-Large Hispanic, Alameda COE
Joe Ross
CCBE President, San Mateo COE
Region 1, Del Norte County USD
Sherry Crawford
Region 2, Siskiyou COE
A.C. “Tony” Ubalde, Jr.
Region 3, Vallejo City USD
Renee Nash
Region 4, Eureka Union SD
Alisa MacAvoy
Region 5, Redwood City ESD
Darrel Woo
Region 6, Sacramento City USD
James Aguilar
Region 7, San Leandro HSD
Stephen J. Schluer
Region 8, Manteca USD
Tami Gunther
Region 9, Atascadero USD
Kathy Spate
Region 10, Caruthers USD
Sabrena Rodriguez
Region 11, Ventura USD
William Farris
Region 12, Sierra Sands USD
Susan Henry
Region 15, Huntington Beach Union HSD
Karen Gray
Region 16, Silver Valley USD
Debra Schade
Region 17, Solano Beach SD
Wendy Jonathan
Region 18, Desert Sands USD
Vacant
Region 20
Tanya Ortiz Franklin
Region 21, Los Angeles USD
Nancy Smith
Region 22, Palmdale SD
Helen Hall
Region 23, Walnut Valley USD
Leighton Anderson
Region 24, Whittier Union HSD
Bettye Lusk
Director-at-Large African American,
Monterey Peninsula USD
Crystal Martinez-Alire
Director-at-Large American Indian,
Elk Grove USD
Amy Koo
Director-at-Large Asian/Pacific Islander,
Belmont-Redwood Shores SD
Michael Teasdale
Director-at-Large County, Riverside COE
Joaquín Rivera
Director-at-Large Hispanic, Alameda COE
Joe Ross
CCBE President, San Mateo COE
legal insights
BY KRISTIN LINDGREN
AB 361 and board meetings:
Whether virtual or in person, how do boards hold and manage their meetings?
ith a return to in-person instruction after school closures for much of the previous academic year, district and county boards are trying to determine the best way to hold their meetings. The surge in COVID-19 pandemic cases brought on by new variants has brought about more challenges by forcing schools to again close their classrooms and forcing boards that were back to in-person meetings to revert to virtual meetings.
Chief Information Officer
Troy Flint, tflint@csba.org
Managing Editor
Kimberly Sellery, ksellery@csba.org
Marketing Director
Andy Rolleri, arolleri@csba.org
Staff Writers
Heather Kemp, hkemp@csba.org
Alisha Kirby, akirby@csba.org
Graphic Design Manager
Kerry Macklin, kmacklin@csba.org
Senior Graphic Designer
Mauricio Miranda, mmiranda@csba.org
Circulation and Advertising
csba@csba.org
CSBA OFFICERS
Dr. Susan Heredia, Natomas USD
President-elect
Susan Markarian, Pacific Union ESD
Vice President
Albert Gonzalez, Santa Clara USD
Immediate Past President
Xilonin Cruz-Gonzalez, Azusa USD
CEO & Executive Director
Vernon M. Billy
Articles submitted to California Schools are edited for style, content and space prior to publication. Views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent CSBA policies or positions. Articles may not be reproduced without written permission of the publisher. Endorsement by CSBA of products and services advertised in California Schools is not implied or expressed.
by MONIKA MOULIN, CHARLES WEIS AND TERI VIGIL
What is the board’s role in negotiations?
class act Best practices in action
Best practices in action
Best practices in action
In Riverside County, home to the third-highest number of foster youth in California, Corona-Norco Unified School District’s All-Stars Foster Youth Program aims to close achievement gaps for this often underserved population by providing them with a community that supports and invests in them. The Golden Bell Award-winning program began at Eleanor Roosevelt High School in 2020.
The program empowers youth by providing the resources needed to help them self-advocate, make healthy choices and prepare for their future, aided by school site and central office staff committed to providing a strong community of support and connection in order to maximize each student’s social-emotional health and academic potential.
The comprehensive academic and social-emotional program began organically after the high school opened 15 years ago. A campus counselor who was a former foster youth noticed how many foster youth attended Eleanor Roosevelt High. He would provide extra support to them and eventually started holding meetings to bring everyone together. These regular meetings became a model for the district.
By Jerry Almendarez, Superintendent, Santa Ana USD
Santa Ana USD keeping students in school through weekly COVID-19 testing
ur Santa Ana Unified School District community has been among those hardest hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. Many of our parents serve as essential workers in our region, and families live in one of the most densely populated areas.
The next phase in these efforts began in October when we started providing weekly COVID-19 testing for all students and staff members at every school site. This marked an important step in our goal of keeping our schools among the safest places for children in our community. Unanimous approval for this initiative by our board of education also sent a strong message that our district was dedicated to maintaining a healthy and safe environment for learning.
By Mandy Corbin
Supporting educators and students through a disaster
Sonoma County has long experienced flood-related disasters, and fire-related disasters are now common as well, with four significant wildfires over the past five years. The Tubbs Fire of 2017 came without warning in the middle of the night and changed the community, its infrastructure, its families and, most importantly, our children for years to come. In addition to three more wildfires and one flood, the ongoing global pandemic is affecting children’s ability to connect with the world and learn in the way previous generations have. Lessons learned in Sonoma County from multiple disasters can be applied to the COVID-19 pandemic in order to support students’ emotional and behavioral well-being. These lessons are one piece of a bigger puzzle California is putting together to support students.
How has the district governance landscape changed and remained the same since you began serving in 1989?
Additional campuses and programs have been added, which, in turn, have expanded my commitment of time and involvement to be fully familiar with the facilities and aware of site issues and needs of staff, students and parents. In recent times, the ability to effectively conduct board meetings has been altered by the disruptive behavior of some audience members. Civility in governance is being tested.
Aspects that have remained the same include the unpredictability and inadequacy of school funding, the impact of special education on the budget, and the importance of attracting and retaining highly qualified educators and support personnel. We will continue to advocate for all that on behalf of our students.
What inspired you to become a school board member, and what motivates you to keep going?
The desire to assure a quality educational experience for all students in the district inspired me to become a board member. When I spent some time as a classroom volunteer in my children’s elementary school, it soon became apparent how much our K-8 district was beginning to feel the adverse effects of a shrinking budget. Serving on the PTA and site council gave me a deeper appreciation for the challenges facing school districts.
When a vacancy occurred on the school board, I applied for the appointment. I wanted to be able to offer what I could to find solutions that would help reset the direction of our district. My motivation remains the same: Make school a place that students want to come to, help them succeed in school and be well prepared for life beyond high school.
What is an accomplishment you’re most proud of in your time as board president?
Each time I have served as board president, there has been at least one key issue that was handled during my presidency. However, this year arrived with several critical changes and events. A new superintendent began in January 2021. Three new board members were elected and were sworn into office in December 2020.
The superintendent and the board have tried to accelerate our team building and simultaneously respond to numerous changes in direction due to the unpredictable nature of the pandemic. Understandably, any potential decision has had controversy. This has been challenging for all of our top leadership team.
Regardless of the ever-shifting target, my focus has been to make certain that the business of the district can continue so that our students and staff can accomplish their goals.
As a new board member, be out there, be open and be ready to learn. It can be overwhelming as you assume your responsibilities; no matter what you thought you knew about the district, once on the board, there’s so much that you don’t know. Devote plenty of time to visiting schools, meet the “behind the scenes” district personnel who help the school sites do what they do every day, attend district events, participate in workshops and the annual school board conference, and meet parents and other community members throughout the district.
Remember that as a board member, you represent all the children in your district. When making decisions, you can never go wrong if you do what’s best for kids. Therein lies the challenge: Decisions made in the board room may have differing results for students. That is why each and every board member needs to come fully prepared to board meetings and fully understanding the implications for each decision made. Lastly, being on a school board is not about power but being of service to others.
How has the district governance landscape changed and remained the same since you began serving in 1989?
Additional campuses and programs have been added, which, in turn, have expanded my commitment of time and involvement to be fully familiar with the facilities and aware of site issues and needs of staff, students and parents. In recent times, the ability to effectively conduct board meetings has been altered by the disruptive behavior of some audience members. Civility in governance is being tested.
Aspects that have remained the same include the unpredictability and inadequacy of school funding, the impact of special education on the budget, and the importance of attracting and retaining highly qualified educators and support personnel. We will continue to advocate for all that on behalf of our students.
What inspired you to become a school board member, and what motivates you to keep going?
The desire to assure a quality educational experience for all students in the district inspired me to become a board member. When I spent some time as a classroom volunteer in my children’s elementary school, it soon became apparent how much our K-8 district was beginning to feel the adverse effects of a shrinking budget. Serving on the PTA and site council gave me a deeper appreciation for the challenges facing school districts.
When a vacancy occurred on the school board, I applied for the appointment. I wanted to be able to offer what I could to find solutions that would help reset the direction of our district. My motivation remains the same: Make school a place that students want to come to, help them succeed in school and be well prepared for life beyond high school.
What is an accomplishment you’re most proud of in your time as board president?
Each time I have served as board president, there has been at least one key issue that was handled during my presidency. However, this year arrived with several critical changes and events. A new superintendent began in January 2021. Three new board members were elected and were sworn into office in December 2020.
The superintendent and the board have tried to accelerate our team building and simultaneously respond to numerous changes in direction due to the unpredictable nature of the pandemic. Understandably, any potential decision has had controversy. This has been challenging for all of our top leadership team.
Regardless of the ever-shifting target, my focus has been to make certain that the business of the district can continue so that our students and staff can accomplish their goals.
As a new board member, be out there, be open and be ready to learn. It can be overwhelming as you assume your responsibilities; no matter what you thought you knew about the district, once on the board, there’s so much that you don’t know. Devote plenty of time to visiting schools, meet the “behind the scenes” district personnel who help the school sites do what they do every day, attend district events, participate in workshops and the annual school board conference, and meet parents and other community members throughout the district.
Remember that as a board member, you represent all the children in your district. When making decisions, you can never go wrong if you do what’s best for kids. Therein lies the challenge: Decisions made in the board room may have differing results for students. That is why each and every board member needs to come fully prepared to board meetings and fully understanding the implications for each decision made. Lastly, being on a school board is not about power but being of service to others.
Boardroom!
he COVID-19 pandemic has brought many challenges for local educational agencies, from figuring out how to conduct classes online on the fly to becoming tech centers, food pantries and general lifelines for students and families in their communities. Reopening schools has come with its own set of challenges, including one that was perhaps unexpected: the alarming rate of contentious and sometimes unsafe circumstances school board members across California and the country are facing as they attempt to conduct the public’s business.
From name calling and threats to unruly protests and disruptions, school board meetings have become a hotbed for people to vent their dissatisfaction with state-mandated COVID-19 mitigation strategies on K-12 campuses as well as topics like ethnic studies curriculum. While public participation is always encouraged, hazardous situations that cause boards to recess or adjourn a meeting altogether can have major consequences.
eople don’t realize that the nuts and bolts of running a district come from boards taking action,” said Natomas Unified School District Trustee Lisa Kaplan. “I know every board member loves hearing from their community members on issues … But when you have people from outside the community or those seeking to specifically disrupt, we may not be able to pass resolutions that fund hiring more teachers or create programs to address the social-emotional services that students need or provide raises so we can get more substitute teachers because there’s a teacher shortage … When we can’t have a meeting, the board can’t make decisions that benefit every child.”
t wasn’t a planned photo-op when San Lorenzo Unified School District Superintendent Daryl Camp was photographed in September substituting for a high school science class, but a necessity. Camp and other administrators, as well as any available teacher, have become desperately needed substitutes at a time when schools are facing a dire shortage of teachers, substitutes and support staff.
The teacher shortage in this Alameda County-based district is primarily concentrated at the secondary sites where teachers must hold a single subject credential, and has significantly impacted math and science classes, Camp said. As of the beginning of October, there were more than 15 vacancies across four high schools and three middle schools — one high school had five math and science vacancies.
As teachers and education leaders welcome students back to classrooms, they must keep in mind the different ways in which the pandemic and distance learning affected students. From difficulties accessing online content to needing to care for younger siblings to experiencing the pain of COVID-19 in their own families, research is already showing that remote learning exacerbated longstanding opportunity and achievement gaps experienced by student groups such as low-income youth and English learners.
alifornia has the largest population of students learning English in addition to their home language — 1.2 million EL students, who account for 20 percent of the state’s K-12 student population. Nearly four in 10 students in the state are current or former ELs and improving this group’s educational outcomes is imperative for their future success — and the future of California. In 2018–19, just over half of EL students across all grades in California did not meet English language art standards on the Smarter Balanced assessments and less than half met the math standards.
Keeping our schools safe
By maclean health, a CSBA Partner Program
AMI Expeditionary Healthcare (AMI) is physician owned and physician led and committed to helping our California education partners keep schools safe and operating through the challenges of COVID-19.
Teamed with California based strategic partner, Maclean Health, AMI delivers a unique combination of turnkey healthcare solutions composed of extremely flexible teams of health practitioners, fixed and mobile medical facilities, air ambulance services, and highly refined medical processes. We have one goal — and that is to provide the best patient care and clinical outcomes in whatever setting however challenging, remote, and under-resourced the setting may be.
AMI’s capacity goes beyond its ability to provide medical services and personnel in any setting, including some of the world’s most difficult environments. We have delivered over 6,000 medical personnel and healthcare solutions to over 70 hospital settings on four continents. As a global leader in expeditionary medicine, we are culturally competent and hire multilingual clinicians and staff to serve the needs of every patient that we care for.
Did your legislator stand up for local governance?
After a sharply curtailed 2020 legislative session, lawmakers returned to Sacramento in 2021 with a hefty agenda of new legislation and ambitious budget proposals. In some ways, it was time to play catch up after sending just 513 bills to Gov. Gavin Newsom’s desk in 2020. Yet despite a self-imposed rule implemented mid-session limiting members to 12 bills — not to mention an ambitious budget that incorporated many of the year’s most significant proposals — the first year of the 2021–22 legislative session still saw 836 measures sent to the Governor and just 66 of those vetoed.
Of course, only a fraction of these bills will affect education — and with that in mind, it’s time now for CSBA’s annual look at how your senators and assemblymembers voted on key legislation impacting public schools.
How we scored your legislators
CSBA scored each legislator’s favorable vote percentage on a total of 24 bills. Each of these bills are measures that CSBA co-sponsored, actively supported or actively opposed in 2020 and received a full floor vote in both the Senate and the Assembly.
Thank you
Barber & Barber Associates, Inc.
CA School Management Group
Crisp Imaging
Dale Scott & Company
DCG Strategies
Demsey, Filliger & Assoc.
Life Wings
McPherson & Jacobson LLC
Myers Stevens & Toohey (MST)
Nicole Anderson and Associates Consultants, LLC
Orrick, Herrington, & Sutcliffe LLP
PARS
Piper Sandler
R-Zero
Redistricting Partners
School Business Services of California, Inc.
The Donovan Group
The Maclean Group
THLight Global
Total School Solutions
U.S. Bank Global Corporate Trust Services
Can you tell us a little about your background, including your own K-12 education and professional experience?